Therapy for BPD can occur one-on-one or in a group. īPD is typically treated with psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). BPD (and other personality disorders) can be misdiagnosed as a mood disorder, substance use disorder, or other disorder. BPD is classified in the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as a cluster B personality disorder, along with antisocial, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorder. The underlying mechanism appears to involve the frontolimbic network of neurons. Adverse life events appear to also play a role. It is five times more likely to occur in a person who has one or more affected immediate relatives. The causes of BPD are unclear but seem to involve genetic, neurological, environmental, and social factors. The disorder is often stigmatized in both the media and the psychiatric field and as a result is often under-diagnosed. Some 8 to 10% of people affected by the disorder may die by suicide, with the rate being twice as high in males as in females. Substance use disorders, depression, and eating disorders are commonly associated with BPD. BPD typically begins by early adulthood and occurs across a variety of situations. Symptoms of BPD may be triggered by events considered normal to others. They may also struggle with dissociation, a feeling of emptiness, and a fear of abandonment. Those affected often engage in self-harm and other dangerous behaviors, often due to their difficulty with returning their emotional level to a healthy or normal baseline. 1.6% of people in a given year īorderline personality disorder ( BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder ( EUPD), is a personality disorder characterized by a long-term pattern of intense and unstable interpersonal relationships, distorted sense of self, and strong emotional reactions.
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Improves over time, typically after age 30 and some cases are in total remission by 40. Unstable relationships, sense of self, and emotions impulsivity recurrent suicidal behavior and self-harm fear of abandonment chronic feelings of emptiness inappropriate anger feeling detached from reality (dissociation) īipolar disorder, attachment disorder, dissociative identity disorder, identity disorder, mood disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, CPTSD, substance use disorders, ADHD, histrionic, narcissistic, or antisocial personality disorder Emotionally unstable personality disorder – impulsive or borderline type ĭespair by Edvard Munch (1894), who is presumed to have had borderline personality disorder.